Evaluating Fear of Crime in the City from Ecological Perspective: A Study on Female University Students in Turkey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2022.196Keywords:
Ecological perspective, fear of crime, female university students, Turkish citiesAbstract
Today, fear in urban areas is rapidly expanding its domain. Disadvantaged sections of the city feel the fear of crime more prominently because of their vulnerability. Among these segments, female university students are the subject of this study. The insecure feelings of female students who frequently use urban public spaces, live in less isolated environments than other parts of society and have to ride on public transportation at late hours, reduce their quality of life and add to their existing problems. In particular, it can be expressed that environmental and design related factors affect female students’ fear of crime. The ecological approach based on this subject constitutes the starting point of this study. In this context, the study aims to analyze female university students’ fear of crime from the ecological perspective. Within the scope of the study, a quantitative standardized questionnaire technique was used as a data collection tool for the above-mentioned purposes. According to the findings; female students feel a distinct fear of various crimes in Turkey as they do in every country in the world. In particular, sexual assault is the leading crime. Female students who are continuing their education in Turkish cities are inadequate in the context of integration with the city where they live and establishing neighborly relations. This leads to an increase in their level of unease. However, students feel unsafe in their daily life practices due to urban planning problems, irregularities and physical disorganizations. The value of this research, which is carried out with the idea that there is a significant deficiency in the field especially in terms of urban studies, is to be a leading survey in Turkey. In addition, the study is one of rare studies dealing with female university students’ fear of crime from an ecological perspective.
Metrics
References
Ayhan, I. & Çubukçu, K. M. (2007). Suç ve kent ilişkisine ampirik bakış: literatür taraması, Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 3 (5), 30-55.
Colquhoun I. (2004). Design out crime. Oxford, UK: Architectural Press.
Çelik F. & Mirza, E. (2020). Fear of crime of students regarding Selçuk University, Alaeddin Keykubad Campus, Inonu University Journal of Art and Design, 10 (22), 1-21.
Duke Williams, O. (2009). The geographies of student migration in the UK. Environment and Planning A, 41(8), 1826–1848.
Ferraro, K. F. (1995). Fear of crime: Interpreting victimization risk. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ferraro, K. F. (1996). Women's fear of victimization: Shadow of sexual assault?, Social Forces, 75 (2), 667-690.
Ferraro, K. (1995). The fear of crime: Interpreting victimization risk, New York State Unv. of New York Press.
Ferraro, K. F. & La Grange, R. (1987). The measurement of fear of crime. Sociological Inquiry, 57, 70-101.
Franklin, T.W., Franklin, C.A. & Fearn, N. E. (2008). A multilevel analysis of the vulnerability, disorder and social integration models of fear of crime. Social Justice Research, 21 (2), 204-227.
Hubbard, P. (2008). Regulating the social impacts of studentification: a loughborough case study. Environment and Planning A, 40(2), 323– 341.
Kenyon, E. L. (1997). Seasonal sub-communities: The impact of student households on residential communities. The British Journal of Sociology, 48 (2), 286-301.
Kul, M. (2013). Suçtan Daha Büyük Suç Korkusu. Istanbul: Yeniyüzyıl.
Miceli, R., Roccato, M. & Rosato, R. (2004). Fear of crime in Italy: Spread and determinants, Environment and Behavior, 36 (6), 776-789.
Oktik, N. (2013). Sosyal sapma ve suçun sosyolojisine kuramsal yaklaşimlar. G. Önkal & Ö. Sarı(Ed.), Suçun Sosyolojisi Cezanın Felsefesi (3-44), Ankara: Nobel.
Özaşçılar, M. (2015). Suç Korkusu ve yakın çevre düzensizliği ilişkisi: Kırık cam teorisi. Solak and Ö. Solak (Ed.), Gündelik Hayat Sosyolojisi Açısından Suç ve Suç Korkusu (329-347), Ankara: HEGEM.
Öztürk, M., Kocacık, F. & Gönültaş M. B. (2016). Suç korkusu ve risk algisinin toplumsal cinsiyet açisindan incelenmesi. International Journal of Human Sciences, 13(1), 1488-1502.
Rugg, J., Rhodes, D. & Jones, A. (2002). Studying a niche market: UK students and the private rented sector. Housing Studies, 17(2), 289–303.
Sipahi, E. B. & Şengün, H. (2017). Üniversiteli kız öğrencilerin suç korkularının “mağduriyet” perspektifinden analizi: Bayburt örneğinde bir araştırma. Toplum ve Demokrasi, 11(24), 57-80.
Sipahi, E. B., (2016). Suç Korkusu, Konya: Çizgi.
Skogan, W.G. (1987). The Impact of victimization on fear. Crime and Deliquency, 33(1),135-154.
Skogan, W.G. & M. G. Maxfield (1980). Coping with Crime: Victimization, Fear, and Crime in Three American Cities (Reactions to Crime Porjects), Document No.: 85506, Illinois: Northwestern Unv. Cebter for Urban Affairs.
Taylor, H. B. & M. Hale (1986). Testing Alternative Models of Fear of Crime, Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 77(1), 151-189.
Tuncer, T. & Islam, T. (2017). Studentification as a new form of gentrification: Changing neighborhood dynamics in bosna hersek neighborhood (Konya). Planlama, 27(3), 303-313.
Ünal Reşitoğlu, H. (2017). Kadınlar, mağdurluk ve suç korkusu. Toplum ve Demokrasi, 11(24), 37-56.
Ünsal, T. (2015). Kentleşme ve suç ilişkisi: Çocuk suçlular üzerine bir araştırma. Unpublished Dissertation. Ankara. Turgut Özal Unv. Institute of Social Sciences.
Warr, M. (1984). Fear of victimization: Why are women and the elderly more afraid? Social Science Quarterly, 65, 681–702.
Warr, M. (1985). Fear of rape among urban women. Social Problems. 32(3), 238-250.
Wilson, J. Q. & Kelling, G. L., (1982). Broken windows: The police and neighborhood safety, The Atlantic Monthly, March.
Wiltz, C. J. (1982). Fear of crime, criminal victimization and elderly blacks, Phylon, 43 (4) (4th Qtr.), 283-294.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT POLICY
1. The International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDeriatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license lets the author to share (copy and redistribute) his/her article in any medium or format.
2. ICONARP cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms:
The author must give appropriate credit, provide a link to ICONARP, and indicate if changes were made on the article. The author may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the ICONARP endorses the author or his/her use.
The author may not use the article for commercial purposes.
If the author remix, transform, or build upon the article, s/he may not distribute the modified material.
The author may share print or electronic copies of the Article with colleagues.
The author may use the Article within his/her employer’s institution or company for educational or research purposes, including use in course packs.
3. The author authorizes the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) to exclusively publish online his/her Article, and to post his/her biography at the end of the article, and to use the articles.
4. The author agrees to the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) using any images from the Article on the cover of the Journal, and in any marketing material.
5. As the author, copyright in the Article remains in his/her name.
6. All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal.
ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning is an OAJ supported by 