Culture-led Urban Transformation Strategies for Industrial Heritage and Industrial Areas in Istanbul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2021.190Keywords:
cultural development strategies, cultural industries, creative industries, transformation of industrial sites, İstanbulAbstract
Purpose
In relation to the advances in information economics the flow of capital, creative industries, high-speed transportation systems and spatial characteristics of cities have led to the proliferation of cultural economics. In this respect, the departure of industry from cities is considered as a significant opportunity for the spatial improvement of cultural economics. Brownfields and industrial sites that are likely to abandon residential areas in the future stand out on account of their potential for transformation. Accordingly, this study aims to shed light on the spatial future of İstanbul, where development is currently aimed at achieving a global city, and to provide an analytical framework for the likely transformation of brownfields and idle industrial heritage sites.
Design/Methodology/Approach
For the purposes of this study, Suitability Analysis was utilized to evaluate industrial heritage sites that are no longer functional and industrial sites that hold the potential for transformation in İstanbul from the perspective of cultural development strategies. Therefore, first of all, the factors that influence site selection and agglomeration of cultural functions and cultural industries were created, weighed and mapped. Second, the components that specify the spatial preferences of entrepreneurial, creative class, and progressive strategies as well as the corresponding weighs of these components were identified. Finally, cultural development strategies that may be used to address the industrial sites in İstanbul with the potential for transformation, and the weighs of these strategies were revealed by using the “multi-criteria evaluation” method.
Findings
Culture-led transformation is typically shaped with the high-income target of entrepreneurial strategies. However, the transformation process should be reinforced with creative and progressive strategies. In this context, sites that are favourable for transformation in İstanbul accommodate an immense potential for entrepreneurial strategies, while the Bosporus as well as the Historic
Research Limitations/Implications
This study focuses on the province of İstanbul, which has the strongest connection to the network of global cities. The theoretical framework and materials for this study are made up of the available body of literature, digital maps, plans and plan reports.
Originality/Value
This study provides a platform for planners and authorities to discuss the culture-led regeneration of industrial heritage sites and brownfields with a focus on the medium- and long-term plans, programs and decisions for İstanbul. In addition, it contributes to the planning literature by offering a perspective on content and methodological approach for similar studies.
Metrics
References
Adorno, T, W. (2009). Cultural Industry Cultural Management (J. M. Bernstein , Dü., N. Ülner, M. Tüzel, & G. Elçin, Translate.). İstanbul: İletişim Publications.
Banks, M., and Hesmondhalgh, D. (2009). Looking for work in creative industries policy. Intermational Journal of Cultural Policy, 415-430.
Banks, M., and O'Connor, J. (2017). Inside the whale (and how to get out of there): Moving on from two decades of creative industries research. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 20(6) 637–654.
Bontje, M. and Musterd, S. (2009), “Creative Industries, Creative Class and Competitiveness: Expert Opinions Critically Appraised”, Geoforum, 40 (5): 843-852.
Camerin, F. (2019). From “Ribera Plan” to “Diagonal Mar”, passing through 1992 “Vila Olímpica”. How urban renewal took place as urban regeneration in Poblenou district (Barcelona). Land Use Policy , 89:1-14.
Chiu, Y.-H., Lee, M.-S., and Wang, J.-W. (2019). Culture-led urban regeneration strategy: An evaluation of the management strategies and performance of urban regeneration stations in Taipei City. Habitat International , 1-9.
Cengizkan, M. (2012). Sanayinin Terkettiği Yerlerde Yeniden Mimari. Güneymimarlık, 26-28.
Çelik, Ş. (2011). Culture Industry Three Wrongs One Right. İstanbul: Literatür.
Degen, M., and Gacia, M. (2012). The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration and Governance. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 1-16.
Evans, G. (2005). Measure for Measure: Evaluating the Evidence of Culture’s Contribution to Regeneration. Urban Studies 5 (6): 959-983.
Florida, R. (2003). Cities and the Creative Class. City & Community 2:13-19.
Garcia, B. (2004). Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration in Western European Cities: Lessons from Experience, Prospects for the Future. Local Economy, 19 (4): 312-326.
Grodach, C., (2017). Urban cultural policy and creative city making. Cities, 82-91.
Grodach, C. and Loukaitou-Sideris A. (2007). Cultural Development Strategies and Urban Revilatalization. International Journal of Cultural Policy. 13(4): 349- 370.
Grodach, C., O'Connor, J., & Gibson, C. (2017). Manufacturing and cultural production: Towards a progressive policy agenda for the cultural economy. City, Culture and Society, 17-25.
Hospers, G. J., and Pen, C. (2008). A View on Creative Cities Beyond The Hype. Creativity and Innovation Management 4: 259-270.
IMM, (2018). Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Official Database, İstanbul.
IMP, (2006a). Cultural industries development districts. Istanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Office.
IMP, (2006b). 1/100000 Draft Environmental Plan. Istanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design.
IMP, (2009). 1/25000 Environmental Plan. Istanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Office.
ISKUR, (2018). Labour Market Research Report, General Directorate Of Turkish Employment Agency, Istanbul Labour And Employment Agency Provincial Directorate, 2018 – pp. 29
Kunzmann, K., R. (2004). Culture, creativity and spatial planning. The Town Planning Review 75(4): 383-404.
Koramaz, K.(2016).Land Use Suitability Analysis: Analysis And Evaluation Techniques İn Urban Planning. Istanbul: Literatür Publications, pp. 129-134
Köksal, T. G. (2012). Endüstri Mirasını Korum ve Yeniden Kullanım Yaklaşımı. Güneymimarlık , 8:18-23.
Köksal, T. G., and Ahunbay, Z. (2006). Some proposals for the conservation and reuse of industrial heritage in Istanbul, ITU Journal of Faculty of Architecture, 5(2):125-136.
Lavanga, M. (2009). Culture and Cities. Urban Transformation and Sustainable Urban Configuration. In: S. Ada (Ed.) Cultural Policies and Management (KPY) Annual 2009. Istanbul: Bilgi University Publications, pp. 61-74
Marshall, T. (2000). Urban Planning and Governance: Is there a Barcelona Model? . International Planning Studies, 5(3) : 299-319.
Montgomery, J. (2003). Cultural Quarters as Mechanisms for Urban Regeneration. Part 1: Conceptualising Cultural Quarters. Planning, Practice & Research, 293-306.
Montgomery, J. (2007). Creative Industry Business Incubators and Managed Workspaces: A Review of Best Practice. Planning, Practice & Research, 601-617.
Niu, S., Lau , S., Shen , Z., and Lau, S. (2018). Sustainability issues in the industrial heritage adaptive reuse: rethinking culture led urban regeneration through Chinese case studies. ournal of Housing and the Built Environment, 33: 501–518.
Özdemir, N. (2009). The Relation Between Cultural Economy and Cultural Industries with Cultural Heritage Management, The Journal of National Folklore, 73-86.
Peck ,J. (2005). Struggling with the Creative Class. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 29(4) : 740–770.
Saner, M. (2011). Transforming the ındustrial landscape: large scale artworks in Iba Emscher Park. In: Akdeniz University Faculty of Fine Arts International Art / Design and Aesthetic Theories Symposium Book, pp.270-277
Teper, S. (2002). Creative Assets and the Changing Economy. The Journal of Arts Management, Law, and Society, 3 (2): 159-168.
Trembath, J.-L., and Fielding, K. (2020). Australia’s cultural and creative economy: A 21st century guide. Canberra: Australian Academy of the Humanities.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT POLICY
1. The International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDeriatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license lets the author to share (copy and redistribute) his/her article in any medium or format.
2. ICONARP cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms:
The author must give appropriate credit, provide a link to ICONARP, and indicate if changes were made on the article. The author may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the ICONARP endorses the author or his/her use.
The author may not use the article for commercial purposes.
If the author remix, transform, or build upon the article, s/he may not distribute the modified material.
The author may share print or electronic copies of the Article with colleagues.
The author may use the Article within his/her employer’s institution or company for educational or research purposes, including use in course packs.
3. The author authorizes the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) to exclusively publish online his/her Article, and to post his/her biography at the end of the article, and to use the articles.
4. The author agrees to the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) using any images from the Article on the cover of the Journal, and in any marketing material.
5. As the author, copyright in the Article remains in his/her name.
6. All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal.
ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning is an OAJ supported by 