Introducing Supergrids, Superblocks, Areas, Networks, and Levels to Urban Morphological Analyses

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.88

Keywords:

Morphological elements, a posteriori approach, a priori approach

Abstract

Urban morphological analyses have identified the parcel (plot), the building type, or the plan unit (tessuto in Italian) as the basic elements of urban form. As cities have grown in geographic size disproportionately to their growth in population over the past seven decades, new elements have been introduced that structure their form. This essay describes these new elements and proposes that they be formally recognized in urban morphology. It introduces a conceptual framework for a multilevel structure of urban space using areas and networks and including supergrids and superblocks to guide morphological analyses.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biography

Anne Vernez Moudon, University of Washington

While a Professor with the Department of Urban Design and Planning I instructed students in urban design and research methods. My work focuses on urban form analysis, land monitoring, neighborhood and street design, active travel and health. The National Institutes of Health and the US and Washington State departments of Transportation support current research on the built and social environments at the UFL. The research examines environmental influences on physical activity, active travel, eating behaviors, and other health outcomes. Done in close collaboration with colleagues in public health and transportation planning, the research is now based on high-resolution geospatial data on the built environment and objective behavior data. I collaborate with many colleagues, students, and organizations nationally and internationally.

References

Berke, E.M., & Vernez-Moudon, A. (2014) Built environment change: A framework to support health-enhancing behaviour through environmental policy and health research. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68(6), 586-590.

Chen, X. (2017). A comparative study of supergrid and superblock urban structure in China and Japan, Rethinking the Chinese superblocks: Learning from Japanese experience. Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Architecture, Design & Planning, The University of Sydney, Australia, http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17986

Chow, R.Y. (2002). Suburban Space: The Fabric of Dwelling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Duany, A., & Plater-Zyberk, E. (1991) Towns and town-making principles. New York: Rizzoli.

Dupuy, G. (1991). L'Urbanisme des réseaux : théories et méthodes. Paris: Armand Colin.

Handy, S. (2002). Accessibility- vs. mobility-enhancing strategies for addressing automobile dependence in the U.S. Paper prepared for the European Conference of Ministers of Transport, May, http://www.des.ucdavis.edu/faculty/handy/ECMT_report.pdf

Hartshorn, T.R. (1980) Interpreting the city: An urban geography. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Lu, D. (2006). Remaking Chinese urban form: Modernity, scarcity and space, 1949-2005. London: Routledge.

Moudon, A.V. (1986a). Built for change: Neighborhood architecture in San Francisco. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Moudon, A.V. (1986b). Platting versus planning: Housing at the household scale. Landscape 29, 30-38.

Moudon, A.V. (1997) Urban morphology as an emerging interdisciplinary field. Urban Morphology. 1, 3-10 http://www.urbanform.org/pdf/moudon1997.pdf

Moudon, A.V. (2002). Thinking about micro and macro urban morphology. Urban Morphology. 6(1), 37-39.

Panerai, Ph., Castex, J., Depaule, J.C., (1977). Formes urbaines, de l’îlot à la barre. Paris: Éditions Parenthèses.

Panerai, Ph., Depaule, J.C., & Demorgon, M. (1999). Analyse urbaine. Paris: Collection Eupalinos.

Peponis, J., Park, J., & Feng, C. (2016) The city as interface of scales: Gangnam Urbanism. In S. H. Kim, E. Cinn, K. Ahn, S. Kim, I. Chung, D. E. Jeong, & R. Enos. (Eds.), The FAR game. Seoul, Korea: SPACE Books, 102–111.

Perry, C. (1929). Neighborhood and community planning comprising three monographs: The Neighborhood Unit. New York, Regional Plan of New York and Its Environs.

Sarraf, M. (2010). Vestiges of urban spirit, Isfahan’s urban fabric through socio-spatial transformations. Licentiate Thesis. KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture & the Built Environment, Stockholm.

Smailes, A.E. (1968 [1953]). The Geography of towns. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company.

Scheer, B.C. (2001). The anatomy of Sprawl. Places 14(2), 28-37. https://placesjournal.org/assets/legacy/pdfs/the-anatomy-of-sprawl.pdf?0574aa

Scheer, B.C. (2015). The epistemology of urban morphology. Urban Morphology 19, 117-134.

Scheer, B.C. (2018). Toward a minimalist definition of the plot. Urban Morphology 22, 162-163.

Yin, J., Yin, Z., Zhong, H., Xu, S., Hu, X., Wang, J., & Wu, J. (2011). Monitoring urban expansion and land use/land cover changes of Shanghai Metropolitan Area during the Transitional Economy (1979–2009) in China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 177 (1–4), 609–621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1660-8.

Whitehand, J.W.R. (1981). The urban landscape, Historical development and management. Papers by MRG Conzen. In Institute of British Geographers, Special Publications 13.

Downloads

Published

26-12-2019

How to Cite

Moudon, A. V. (2019). Introducing Supergrids, Superblocks, Areas, Networks, and Levels to Urban Morphological Analyses. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 7, 01–14. https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.88