Design for Mitigating Urban Heat Island: Proposal of a Parametric Model

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.84

Keywords:

Parametric modelling, urban morphology, evidence-based urban design, urban heat island

Abstract

Urban areas dramatically affect the microclimatic conditions of cities, and induce the ‘Urban Heat Island’ (UHI) effect, which generates many undesirable conditions in the living environment. In recent years, several studies have been examined a strong correlation between the morphology of urban areas and the development of heat island intensity. Then the increasing need for climate responsive design approaches calls for the development of new methodical approaches and tools to control the planned (trans)formation of the urban fabrics. Computational modelling techniques, in this context, suggest relevant methodologies to provide an evidence-based design approach to the issue. This research, in this regard, aims to propose a parametric model for analyzing the key morphological components of urban tissues with regards to the UHI intensity on the basis of ‘Sky View Factor’ (SVF) while testing the alternatives in generative manner. The proposed (parametric) model, therefore, stands on the close-correlation between the algorithmic simulation based on the selected parameters and morphological analysis. By the model, SVF values of the different building settings are calculated with reference to the basic building codes of the development planning system in Turkey (i.e. FAR, building height and setback) in an actual context. Then the proposed model is tested in the case of one of the transformation areas in Ankara, Turkey. Eventually, a methodical framework is aimed for a climate responsive urban design process to mitigate urban heat island.

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Author Biographies

Begüm Sakar, METU Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning, Ankara, Turkey

Begüm Sakar is currently continuing her PhD study at METU Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning, Ankara, Turkey. She completed her masters’ degree in the Graduate Program of Urban Design at Middle East Technical University in 2018. Since 2016, she has been working as a research assistant in the same department at METU. In 2013, her graduation project was awarded by the UCTEA Chamber of City Planners within the Planning Students Graduation Project Competition. Her research interests are climate responsive urban design, bioclimatic comfort in urban spaces, and spatial research by Space Syntax.

Olgu Çalışkan, Midle East Technical University

Having completed his doctoral degree on urbanism at TU Delft, the Netherlands in 2013, he has been lecturing at METU Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning and coordinating the Master of Urban Design Studio as assistant professor. His publications involve the book, Urban Compactness (VDM, 2009), guest editorial for the journal of Built Environment (2011), and several articles, including those in the Journal of Urban Design (2010/15), and Journal of Architectural and Planning Research (2011), Urban Design International (2012) and Urban Morphology (2017). His main research interests are physical planning and design, urban morphology, urban design theory and methodology, and visualisation in urbanism. Within the design team composed by Özer\Ürger Architects and Şemsettin Tugay, Olgu Çalışkan received the first price at Antalya Konyaaltı Waterfront Design Competition in 2015. In the body of TEPAV (The Economic Research Foundation of Turkey), he consulted for the strategic vision project for Gaza urban strip which was proposed both to the Israeli and Palestinian authorities in January 2016. Since his return to Turkey in 2014, he has been a jury member in a series of national and international design competitions.

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Published

26-12-2019

How to Cite

Sakar, B., & Çalışkan, O. (2019). Design for Mitigating Urban Heat Island: Proposal of a Parametric Model. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 7, 158–181. https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.84

Issue

Vol. 7 (2019): SPECIAL ISSUE "URBAN MORPHOLOGY"

Section

UM

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