HEMP AS A POTENTIAL MATERIAL IN ARCHITECTURE: IS IT POSSIBLE IN TURKEY?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2021.153

Keywords:

hemp architecture, Hempcrete, building material, sustainability.

Abstract

Purpose

Hemp, also known as cannabis sativa, has long been one of the most important agricultural crops—an essential food for humans and animals since the Neolithic period. It is also one of the most-durable raw materials used in both traditional crafts and many newer industries, such as the marine, clothing, automotive, and architectural industries. However, despite its beneficial health properties and use in making durable products, hemp has been banned in many developed countries largely because it has been labeled an illegal plant due to its psychoactive properties. After the 1980s, industrially cultivated hemp in the form of hempcrete, hemp brick or low or high technology cast in situ wall systems gained recognition in architecture. Since the industry 4.0 industrial revolution in the 2000s, the use of hemp has become increasingly important in medicine and nutrition and in industries such as paper, plastics, architecture and construction. Hemp has been illegal for many years in Turkey. However, in Turkish history, using cannabis, hemp and hashish for food, pleasure, socializing, clothing, rope, paper and mortar has been an accepted sociocultural phenomenon. Therefore, this article seeks to evaluate the possibility of using hemp in architecture by addressing its use in architecture, specifically in Turkey.

Design/Methodology/Approach

This research uses a literature review to explore both the history of hemp in Turkey and its construction applications.

Findings

The results showed that given enough support, the use of such materials could create beneficial effects for the architecture, construction and education sectors in Turkey.

Research Limitations/Implications

In the future, a research with funding and permissions could be conducted to observe of the physical and chemical characteristics of hemp and hemp-based materials, which is lacking in this study.

Social/Practical Implications

Recognizing the benefits of hemp could have positive effects on the economy, health, agriculture and architecture of communities in Turkey. Hemp can replace petroleum-based materials while having the advantages of being cost effective, providing a variety of production possibilities, and needing less water for cultivation.

Originality/Value

This is the first study to address the potential use of industrial hemp in Turkey from an architecture and design perspective.

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Author Biography

Esen Gökçe Özdamar, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University

Esen Gökçe Özdamar is Assoc. Prof. Dr, Head and cofounder of Department of Architecture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Design and Architecture. She received her Master’s degree (MSc) and PhD from Architectural Design programme in Istanbul Technical University. Her PhD focused on an experimental approach to transdisciplinary methodology through re-reading housing areas in İstanbul, Vienna and Amsterdam. Her current research focuses on transdisciplinary methodology, contemporary housing, kinaesthetic perception, bioplastic and handmade sustainable materials.

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Published

21-06-2021

How to Cite

Özdamar, E. G. (2021). HEMP AS A POTENTIAL MATERIAL IN ARCHITECTURE: IS IT POSSIBLE IN TURKEY?. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 9(1), 131–154. https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2021.153

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