A Quest for Sustainability of Cultural Heritage Sites: The Hanlar District of Bursa, Turkey

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.64

Keywords:

Cultural heritage sites, sustainability, adaptive reuse, community engagement, educational charrettes, Hanlar District of Bursa

Abstract

Today, many studies have been carried out to support community engagement in planning and urban design processes in Turkey. This study which tries to bring together community engagement and urban design within the framework of sustainability of cultural heritage sites is a part of a scientific research project which aims to create a participative model to develop an urban design guideline for the Hanlar District, a historical commercial district including many inns in the city centre of Bursa, in Turkey. While a series of community engagement techniques were experimented during the project process, the aim of this article is to examine the potential benefits of using educational charrettes as a kind of design charrette to establish a participatory and competitive platform including public, private, voluntary actors  and local people in urban design process of heritage sites.  It overviews the charrette use in developing adaptive re-use and urban design schemes for the inns and their surrounding public spaces which are not actively used in the Hanlar District which has been a UNESCO world heritage site since 2014, and then highlights the proposals that were developed in terms of the objectives of the Bursa and Cumalikizik Management Plan. Finally, this study presents the usability, suitability and practicability of educational charrettes as a community engagement way in the urban design process of the heritage sites while enabling different actors to create new visions to sustain heritage sites. However, it also emphasizes the need for a participatory and holistic urban design process for the Hanlar District of Bursa including the adaptive re-use strategies for the inns to sustain the district.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Sibel Polat, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi

Sibel Polat, B.U.R.Pl, B. Arch., M. Arch., Ph.D. in Arch. Graduated from Istanbul Technical University as an urban planner in 1999 and as an architect in 2002. She completed her master’s thesis on urban regeneration projects in 2005, and Ph.D. thesis on identity of public open spaces in 2012 at Bursa Uludag University. She conducted research for her Ph.D. thesis as an invited researcher at ENSAPB. She is an associate professor in the Department of Architecture at Bursa Uludag University. Her study areas are urban design tools, community engagement in heritage studies, place identity, urban regeneration.

Arzu Çahantimur, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi

Arzu Çahantimur, B. Arch., M. Arch., Ph.D. in Arch. Held her B.Arch, M.Arch and PhD in Architecture degrees from Istanbul Technical University.  She is Assoc. Prof. at the Department of Architecture at Bursa Uludag University, Turkey. Her areas of interest are architectural design, sustainable architecture, urban regeneration, urban housing areas, home environments, historical and cultural heritage studies, and interactions of culture and space.

Gül Atanur, Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi

Gül Atanur, B. Landscape Arch., M. Landscape Arch., Ph.D. in Landscape Arch. Graduated from Ankara University as a landscape architect in 1991. She completed her master’s thesis on urban images in historical cities and Ph.D. thesis on open space standarts in public housing areas. Her scholarly and professional activities focus on sustainable urban design, landscape architecture, public participation. She has got  numerous awards in urban design competitions. She is the advisory committee member of the Turkish Healty Cities Association.

H. Özge Tümer Yıldız, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi

H. Özge Tümer Yildiz, B. Arch., M. Arch., Ph.D. in Arch. Graduated from Bursa Uludag University as an architect in 2003. She completed her master’s thesis on gated communities in 2006, and Ph.D. thesis with the title “An Approach for Interpreting Meaning in the Context of 21st Century Architecture” in 2014. She has been an research assistant in the Department of Architecture at Bursa Uludag University since 2006. Her study areas are architectural design, contemporary society&architecture, meaning in architecture, and home environments.

References

Aksoy, A., Enlil, Z. (2012). Kültürel miras yönetiminde çağdaş yaklaşımlar. In A. Aksoy, D. Ünsal (Ed.), Kültürel Miras Yönetimi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Web-Ofset. pp. 3-29.

Boccardi, G., Scott, L. (2014). Developing a proposal for the integration of a sustainable development perspective within the processes of the world heritage convention. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://whc.unesco.org/document/128769

Brown, J., Hay- Edie, T. (2014). Engaging local communities in stewardship of world heritage. Paris: UNDP. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002303/230372e.pdf

Bursa Site Management Unit. (2013). Bursa (Hanlar District & Sultan Complexes) and Cumalikizik management plan (2013-2018). Bursa: Metropolitan Municipality of Bursa.

Carmona, M. (2017). The formal and informal tools of design governance. Journal of Urban Design, 22(1): 1-36.

Department of the Environment and Heritage. (2004). Adaptive reuse. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/3845f27a-ad2c-4d40-8827-18c643c7adcd/files/adaptive-reuse.pdf

Douglas, J. (2006). Building adaptation. London: Spon Press.

EPA. (2018). Public participation guide: charrettes. Accessed 30 November 2018. https://www.epa.gov/international-cooperation/public-participation-guide-charrettes

ICCROM. (2005). Definition of cultural heritage. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://cif.icomos.org/pdf_docs/Documents%20on%20line/Heritage%20definitions.pdf

ICOMOS. (1999). Burra charter. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://australia.icomos.org/wp-content/uploads/BURRA_CHARTER.pdf

ICOMOS. (2005). Threats to world heritage sites 1994-2004: An Analysis. Accessed 30 November 2018.

https://www.icomos.org/world_heritage/Analysis%20of%20Threats%201994-2004%20final.pdf

ICOMOS. (2016). Cultural heritage, the UN sustainable development goals, and the new urban agenda. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://www.usicomos.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Final-Concept-Note.pdf

INVOLVE. (2005). People and participation. London: Beacon Press.

Keiner, M. (2005). History, definition(s) and models of sustainable development. Accessed 30 November 2018. https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/53025/eth-27943-01.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Kelbaugh, D. S. (2011). The design charrette. In T. Banerjee, A. Loukaitou- Sideris (Ed), Companion to Urban Design. London: Routhledge. pp. 317-328.

Lennertz, B., Lutzenhiser, A. (2003). Dynamic planning for community change. Building Blocks. (4)1: 3-11.

Park, S. (2012). Conclusion. Involving communities in world heritage conservation- concepts and actions in Asia. International Conference on Celebration of 40th Anniversary of the World Heritage Convention Proceedings. ICOMOS, Korea. pp.151-153, Accessed 30 November 2018. http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/events/documents/event-949-1.pdf

Polat, S., Tümer Yıldız, H. Ö., Dostoğlu, N., (2018). Kültürel miras alanları için kullanıcı odaklı bir kentsel tasarım rehberi modeli: Bursa Hanlar Bölgesi Örneği. Megaron, 13(4): 584-596.

Polat, S., Tümer Yıldız, H. Ö. (2018). Kültürel miras alanlarında kentsel tasarım ve toplumsal katılım: Bursa Hanlar Bölgesi Örneği. Uluslararası Hakemli Tasarım ve Mimarlık Dergisi. Sonbahar kış dönemi (15):1-44.

Sanoff, H. (2000). Community participation methods in design and planning. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Somuncu, M., Yiğit, T. (2010). World heritage sites in Turkey: current status and problems of conservation and management. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi 8(1): 1-26.

Tweed, C., Sutherland, M. (2007). Built cultural heritage and sustainable urban development. Landscape and Urban Planning. 83: 62–69.

UNESCO. (1993). The Nara document on authenticity. Accessed 30 November 2018. https://whc.unesco.org/document/116018

UNESCO. (2013). Introducing cultural heritage into the sustainable development agenda. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CLT/images/CulturalHeritageFinalENG.pdf?

UNESCO (2014). Bursa and Cumalıkızık (Turkey). No 1452. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/1452.pdf

United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Accessed 30 November 2018. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld/publication.

Van Oers, R. (2010). Managing cities and the historic urban landscape initiative – an introduction. In R. Van Oers, S. Haraguchi (Ed.) Managing Historic Cities. pp: 7-17. World Heritage Centre: Paris. Accessed 30 November 2018. http://whc.unesco.org/documents/publi_wh_papers_27_en.pdf

Vural Arslan, T., Dostoglu, N., Koprulu Bagbancı, O., Akinciturk, N. (2011). Sustainable revitalisation as a tool for regenerating the attractiveness of an inner-city historic commercial district: Han District as a case, Urban Design International 16(3): 188-201.

Yung, E. H.K., Chan, E. H.W. (2012). Implementation challenges to the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings: towards the goal of sustainable, low carbon cities. Habitat International 36(3): 352-361.

Zucker, C. (1995). The importance of interdisciplinary teamwork. Urban Design Symposium. Washington, DC: Library of Congress.

Downloads

Published

28-06-2019

How to Cite

Polat, S., Çahantimur, A., Atanur, G., & Tümer Yıldız, H. Özge. (2019). A Quest for Sustainability of Cultural Heritage Sites: The Hanlar District of Bursa, Turkey. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 7(1), 01–29. https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2019.64

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019)

Section

Articles

License

COPYRIGHT POLICY 

1. The International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDeriatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license lets the author to share (copy and redistribute) his/her article in any medium or format.

2. ICONARP cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms:

The author must give appropriate credit, provide a link to ICONARP, and indicate if changes were made on the article. The author may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the ICONARP endorses the author or his/her use.

The author may not use the article for commercial purposes.

If the author remix, transform, or build upon the article, s/he may not distribute the modified material.

The author may share print or electronic copies of the Article with colleagues. 

The author may use the Article within his/her employer’s institution or company for educational or research purposes, including use in course packs. 

3. The author authorizes the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) to exclusively publish online his/her Article, and to post his/her biography at the end of the article, and to use the articles. 

4. The author agrees to the International Journal of Architecture and Planning (ICONARP) using any images from the Article on the cover of the Journal, and in any marketing material. 

5. As the author, copyright in the Article remains in his/her name. 

6. All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal.